Science, technology, and innovation have always been the backbone of human progress, addressing challenges and improving quality of life. Recognizing the need for inclusivity in these fields, the G77 nations and China declared September 16 as the International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South at the 2023 Havana Summit. This initiative emphasizes the importance of fostering innovation and strengthening scientific capacities in developing nations to bridge the gap with developed countries.
The Havana Declaration called for fair access to technology and responsible use of scientific advancements, underscoring the vital role of international collaboration in addressing development challenges. Building on this commitment, the United Nations General Assembly officially proclaimed September 16 as the International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South in January 2024 through resolution A/RES/78/259. This day highlights the potential of innovation to transform societies, particularly in the Global South, where disparities in technological capabilities remain significant.
For many developing nations, the rapid pace of technological advancement presents both opportunities and challenges. While some countries leverage these changes to accelerate development, others face persistent barriers due to limited resources, governance issues, and restricted access to advanced technologies. Addressing these inequalities requires a concerted effort to democratize knowledge, enhance research capabilities, and facilitate technology transfer to ensure equitable growth.
Science and technology have reshaped every aspect of modern life, from how we communicate and travel to how we access healthcare and education. The practical application of scientific discoveries has improved efficiency, productivity, and overall quality of life. However, these benefits must be extended to the Global South to ensure sustainable development and meet the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
India serves as a prime example of how investments in science and innovation can yield transformative results. Over the past decade, the country has made significant advancements, doubling its gross R&D expenditure to ₹1.2 lakh crore by 2023. Landmark achievements include the successful Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission, the rapid deployment of 5G technology, and the establishment of the India Semiconductor Mission, which positions India as a global hub for chip manufacturing. These accomplishments underscore India’s commitment to self-reliance and innovation.
India’s vibrant startup ecosystem further illustrates the power of grassroots innovation. By mid-2024, over 1,40,803 startups had been recognized, generating millions of jobs and driving growth across various sectors. These startups highlight the potential for indigenous solutions to address global challenges while fostering economic development.
Beyond technological advancements, India’s initiatives in traditional knowledge systems and sustainability align with its vision of “Atmanirbhar Bharat” (self-reliant India). By integrating traditional wisdom with modern science, the country is developing sustainable solutions that address contemporary challenges.
Globally, there is growing recognition of the need to empower the Global South. Investments in technology transfer, international cooperation, and capacity building are essential to create a more equitable future. The International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South is a call to action for nations to unite in harnessing innovation for collective progress.
As the world commemorates this day, the focus remains on ensuring that scientific and technological advancements benefit all of humanity. By fostering collaboration and inclusivity, the global community can create a sustainable future where no one is left behind.